Fluorescent/ Photoluminescent Carbon Dots as a Sensor for the Selective and Sensitive Detection of Fe3+/Fe2+ Metal Ions. A Review of the Last Decade.

Particularly in the numerous biomedical application sectors, the special advantages of an absorbing group of fluorescence carbon dots (CDs), such as their low toxicity, physicochemical stability, photostability, and remarkable biocompatibility, are currently garnering a lot of study focus. Because imbalance of Fe³⁺ and Fe²⁺ ions are more hazardous than other ions, they are crucial for maintaining human health. CDs were used as a fluorescent probe to detect these metal ions, Fe³⁺/ Fe²⁺. However, there are a number of problems and disadvantages with conventional sensors that are used to identify metal ions. Carbon-based CDs sensors are more successful at detecting Fe³⁺/Fe²⁺ metal ions than other methods. This article discusses the most recent advancements in CDs, involving sensor uses for the detection of Fe³⁺/Fe²⁺ metal ions. Additionally, It provides a comparison based on parameters such as linear concentration range, detection limit, quantum yield, sensing techniques, selectivity, and sensitivity. Selected research article on carbon dots-based sensors for measuring Fe³⁺/Fe²⁺ ions from 2012 to 2024 is compiled and tabulated.