A konjac glucomannan/ gelatin film integrated with rosemary essential oil and ginger essential oil-loaded bacterial cellulose: Preparation, characterization, and application in sea bass (Lateolabrax maculatus) packaging

In this study, a konjac glucomannan (KGM)/ gelatin (GEL)-based film integrated with ginger essential oil (GEO) and rosemary essence oil (REO)-loaded bacterial cellulose was prepared. The synergistic effects of GEO and REO were evaluated. The physicochemical, mechanical, optical, morphological, antibacterial, antioxidant properties, thermal stability and preservation effects of the composite films were characterized. Results demonstrated that GEO and REO exhibited synergistic antibacterial activity when combined in a 3:1 ratio. FT-IR analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed good compatibility among the components of the film. Furthermore, the incorporation of EOs enhanced various properties of the active film including mechanical strength, barrier performance, hydrophobicity as well as its antibacterial and antioxidant capabilities while also improving thermal stability. Additionally, the active film containing 0.8 % (w/v) composite essential oils (KGB-0.8) effectively maintained the quality of refrigerated sea bass and extended the shelf-life for another 6 days.