Generalized Hole-Free Sparse Antenna Array Design With Even/Odd Maximum Interelement Spacing

In this letter, we introduce two generalized sparse antenna arrays designed based on the maximum interelement spacing constraint (MISC) criterion. The proposed arrays, named GEMISC_E and GEMISC_O, are developed by filling the holes of enhanced MISC array (EMISC) through sensor rearrangement, with a special focus on even and odd maximum interelement spacings (MIES). The GEMISC_E and GEMISC_O are constructed by configurating the interelement spacings (IES) set and are proved to possess filled difference coarrays. In addition, several common characteristics for the hole-free MISC-based array designs are outlined. Theoretical propositions and simulations validate the performance of the proposed arrays in terms of uniform degrees of freedom and mutual coupling, underscoring their potential to enhance target identifiability and estimation accuracy.