Complications after large vein catheterization.

Serious complications of the introduction of pacemaker electrodes and of the catheterization of large veins performed in the course of 6 years are discussed. The majority of the 24 observed complications occurred on the left side. In the case of constant suction and thoracic haemorrhage, surgical exposure is unavoidable. In five cases the complications were due to temporary pacemaker electrodes. Four of the patients died of organ damage. Three typical case records are presented.