Fungal sinusitis.

Noninvasive fungal sinusitis usually occurs in individuals with a poorly draining maxillary sinus. The infection can be cured by surgical removal of the hyphal mass. In contrast, allergic fungal sinusitis is an upper respiratory disease with an immunopathology similar to that of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis. Surgical debridement and therapy with topical or systemic steroids are recommended. Acute and chronic invasive fungal sinusitis are extremely serious infections requiring aggressive therapy, including extensive surgical debridement and appropriate antifungal chemotherapy. For acute invasive fungal sinusitis in the neutropenic host, survival depends chiefly on bone marrow recovery.