Differential diagnosis of common etiologies of photopsia.

Background: Photopsia is a relatively common symptom reported by patients in primary eye care settings. Although there are many possible etiologies, photopsia (light flashes) is usually associated with one of the following: (1) posterior vitreous detachment, (2) migraine with aura, (3) migraine aura without headache, and (4) retinal break or detachment. Each of these clinical conditions has symptoms and physical findings that will usually render the diagnosis apparent.

Methods: It is important from a clinicolegal standpoint that specific procedures be performed to differentially diagnose the responsible condition and deliver appropriate follow-up care.