[出生后和成人大脑中的神经发生]。

Itaru Imayoshi
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引用次数: 0

摘要

尽管哺乳动物的神经发生大多在围产期完成,但在整个成年期,新的神经元在大脑的受限区域不断产生。新生成的神经元被纳入海马齿状回和嗅球的神经网络,越来越多的证据表明,成人神经发生对各种脑功能都很重要。连续神经发生是通过成体神经干细胞的协调增殖和分化来实现的。本文就Notch信号通路和hes家族基因在成体神经干细胞中的作用的最新研究进展进行综述。我们还讨论了新神经元与现有神经回路整合模式的最新发现,以及成人神经发生在空间和嗅觉记忆等高级脑功能中的潜在意义。
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[Neurogenesis in the postnatal and adult brain].

Although mammalian neurogenesis is mostly completed by the perinatal period, new neurons are continuously generated throughout adulthood in the restricted regions of the brain. Newly generated neurons are incorporated into the neural networks of both the hippocampal dentate gyrus and the olfactory bulb, and there is growing evidence that adult neurogenesis is important for various brain functions. Continuous neurogenesis is achieved by the coordinated proliferation and differentiation of adult neural stem cells. In this review, we discuss the recent findings concerning the roles of Notch signaling and Hes-family genes in adult neural stem cells. We also discuss the recent findings about the integration mode of new neurons into the existing neural circuits and the potential significance of adult neurogenesis in higher brain functions, such as spatial and olfactory memory.

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