[Ivan Solomonovich Beritashvili (1885-1974)--At the Origins of Cognitive Behaviorism].

Presents scientific creativity of I. S. Beritashvili in the cultural and historical aspect. The main attention is paid to the concept of figurative psychoneural activity of vertebrates. I. S. Beritashvili experimentally showed that the image of a vital object is fixed in memory and retrieved therefrom for the satisfaction of vital biological needs. The animal's behavior in such situations is governed not by material incentives, but by their images I. S. Beritashvili was one of the first, who connected figurative psychoneural activity with the brain morphology at the level of nerve cells. Stressed is the importance of the I. S. Beritashvili's concept for the development of evolutionary ethics and bioethics. The figurative of creative psychoneural activity in animals and humans, in fact, is the forerunner of modern cognitive behaviorism.