眼后房房水流动及其因瞳孔阻塞和虹膜切开术而引起的改变。

IF 0.8 4区 数学 Q4 BIOLOGY Mathematical Medicine and Biology-A Journal of the Ima Pub Date : 2018-12-05 DOI:10.1093/imammb/dqx012
M Dvoriashyna, R Repetto, M R Romano, J H Tweedy
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引用次数: 17

摘要

眼睛的前房(AC)和后房(PC)通过瞳孔相连,并充满房水。水以大约恒定的速率从眼后流向眼前,眼压由这个速率和对水流出的阻力决定。在一些患者中,虹膜和晶状体接触,导致睫状体受压,睫状体周围轴向变浅,并可能导致闭角型青光眼。这可能会导致失明,这可以通过手术进行虹膜切开术来预防,虹膜切开术是在虹膜上开一个孔,以促进从虹膜后部流向虹膜前部。虹膜切开术的最佳尺寸和位置问题仍然知之甚少。在这篇文章中,我们研究了PC中的水血流,并研究了它是如何在虹膜切开术中被改变的。我们的方法是基于润滑理论,这使我们能够半解析地解决问题。我们将虹膜切开术视为一个点槽,并假设通过它的通量与压力成正比。我们发现虹膜切开术的理想尺寸和位置受各种几何和流体力学因素的影响,其中最相关的是孔的大小和虹膜-晶状体通道的长度和高度。对于某些虹膜切开术直径,我们发现通过虹膜切开术的射流速度可能大到足以造成角膜损伤。
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Aqueous humour flow in the posterior chamber of the eye and its modifications due to pupillary block and iridotomy.

The anterior chamber (AC) and posterior chamber (PC) of the eye are connected through the pupil and are filled with aqueous humour. The aqueous flows from the posterior to the AC at an approximately constant rate, and the intraocular pressure is governed by this rate and the resistance to aqueous outflow. In some patients the iris and lens come into contact, leading to pressure build-up in the PC, peripheral axial shallowing of the AC and, possibly, to angle-closure glaucoma. This can lead to blindness, which may be prevented by surgically creating an iridotomy, that is a hole through the iris to facilitate the flow from the posterior to the AC. The problem of optimal size and location of an iridotomy is still poorly understood. In this article, we study aqueous flow in the PC and investigate how it is modified in the presence of an iridotomy. Our approach is based on the lubrication theory, which allows us to solve the problem semi-analytically. We treat the iridotomy as a point sink and assume that the flux through it is proportional to the pressure. We find that the ideal size and location of an iridotomy are influenced by various geometrical and fluid mechanical factors, the most relevant of which are the size of the hole and the length and height of the iris-lens channel. For certain iridotomy diameters, we find that the jet velocity through the iridotomy might be large enough to cause possible corneal damage.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.20
自引率
0.00%
发文量
15
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Formerly the IMA Journal of Mathematics Applied in Medicine and Biology. Mathematical Medicine and Biology publishes original articles with a significant mathematical content addressing topics in medicine and biology. Papers exploiting modern developments in applied mathematics are particularly welcome. The biomedical relevance of mathematical models should be demonstrated clearly and validation by comparison against experiment is strongly encouraged. The journal welcomes contributions relevant to any area of the life sciences including: -biomechanics- biophysics- cell biology- developmental biology- ecology and the environment- epidemiology- immunology- infectious diseases- neuroscience- pharmacology- physiology- population biology
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