低血糖症:何时治疗?

IF 1.7 Q2 PEDIATRICS Clinical Medicine Insights-Pediatrics Pub Date : 2017-12-15 eCollection Date: 2017-01-01 DOI:10.1177/1179556517748913
Venkat Reddy Kallem, Aakash Pandita, Girish Gupta
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引用次数: 0

摘要

低血糖是新生儿最常见的代谢紊乱。低血糖的定义、临床意义和处理方法仍存在争议。大多数新生儿低血糖症是一过性的,对治疗反应迅速,预后良好。持续性低血糖更可能与高胰岛素血症等内分泌异常以及可能的神经系统后遗症有关。低血糖的表现包括癫痫发作,长期发作会导致值得注意的神经系统疾病。因此,低血糖是一种新生儿急症,需要认真分析评估和及时治疗。在这篇综述中,我们试图涵盖与新生儿低血糖相关的病理生理学、高危婴儿筛查方案、管理、长期神经系统后遗症,并尽可能提供循证答案和我们自己的实践。
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Hypoglycemia: When to Treat?

Hypoglycemia is the most common metabolic disorder encountered in neonates. The definition of hypoglycemia as well as its clinical significance and management remain controversial. Most cases of neonatal hypoglycemia are transient, respond readily to treatment, and are associated with an excellent prognosis. Persistent hypoglycemia is more likely to be associated with abnormal endocrine conditions, such as hyperinsulinemia, as well as possible neurologic sequelae. Manifestations of hypoglycemia include seizures which can result in noteworthy neuromorbidity in the long haul. Thus, hypoglycemia constitutes a neonatal emergency which requires earnest analytic assessment and prompt treatment. In this review, we have tried to cover the pathophysiology, the screening protocol for high-risk babies, management, long-term neurologic sequelae associated with neonatal hypoglycemia, with evidence-based answers wherever possible, and our own practices.

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