In-hospital Mortality, Length of Stay, and Discharge Disposition in a Cohort of Rural and Urban American Indians and Alaska Natives.

This study uses data from the 2012 National Inpatient Sample to determine if mortality, length of stay, and discharge disposition are different between rural and urban American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) with alcohol abuse, depression, diabetes, and post-traumatic stress disorder. Results show no difference in mortality between groups. Alcohol abuse, depression, and diabetes are less prevalent in rural AI/ANs, and rural patients have shorter lengths of stay and fewer chronic conditions, diagnoses, and procedures. Finally, urban patients are discharged to short-term hospitals or skilled nursing facilities at higher rates. Rural diabetes patients exhibit increased mortality, but there is little evidence that rurality adversely affects the AI/AN population for the conditions we studied.