大麻使用和精子表观基因组:一个崭露头角的问题?

IF 4.8 Q1 GENETICS & HEREDITY Environmental Epigenetics Pub Date : 2020-03-19 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI:10.1093/eep/dvaa002
Rose Schrott, Susan K Murphy
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引用次数: 19

摘要

美国正在迅速走向医用和娱乐用大麻的合法化。娱乐性大麻目前被认为是最常用的非法精神药物,在11个州和华盛顿特区是合法的,男性使用大麻是一个重要的问题,但尚未得到充分研究。然而,关于这种接触的潜在长期后果,以及大麻如何影响精子的表观遗传完整性,从而影响后代的健康和发育,问题仍然存在。这篇综述总结了大麻在美国的使用和效力,简要概述了DNA甲基化作为精子易受包括大麻在内的环境暴露的表观遗传机制,并总结了父母暴露于大麻或德尔塔-9四氢大麻酚(THC,大麻的主要精神活性成分)对后代配子表观遗传谱和行为的影响的研究。这些研究表明,在人类使用大麻和大鼠接触四氢大麻酚后,精子DNA甲基组发生了重大变化。此外,啮齿类动物模型的使用表明,暴露于四氢大麻酚或合成大麻素的父亲或暴露于四氢大麻酚的父母所生的大鼠的甲基化和行为变化。这些数据证实,迫切需要进行更多的研究,评估接触大麻对儿童健康和发育的影响。考虑到目前美国大麻使用的增长状态,这一点尤其正确。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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Cannabis use and the sperm epigenome: a budding concern?

The United States is swiftly moving toward increased legalization of medical and recreational cannabis. Currently considered the most commonly used illicit psychoactive drug, recreational cannabis is legal in 11 states and Washington, DC, and male use is an important and understudied concern. Questions remain, however, about the potential long-term consequences of this exposure and how cannabis might impact the epigenetic integrity of sperm in such a way that could influence the health and development of offspring. This review summarizes cannabis use and potency in the USA, provides a brief overview of DNA methylation as an epigenetic mechanism that is vulnerable in sperm to environmental exposures including cannabis, and summarizes studies that have examined the effects of parental exposure to cannabis or delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC, the main psychoactive component of cannabis) on the epigenetic profile of the gametes and behavior of offspring. These studies have demonstrated significant changes to the sperm DNA methylome following cannabis use in humans, and THC exposure in rats. Furthermore, the use of rodent models has shown methylation and behavioral changes in rats born to fathers exposed to THC or synthetic cannabinoids, or to parents who were both exposed to THC. These data substantiate an urgent need for additional studies assessing the effects of cannabis exposure on childhood health and development. This is especially true given the current growing state of cannabis use in the USA.

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来源期刊
Environmental Epigenetics
Environmental Epigenetics GENETICS & HEREDITY-
CiteScore
6.50
自引率
5.30%
发文量
0
审稿时长
17 weeks
期刊最新文献
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