Calculated parenteral initial treatment of bacterial infections: Introduction and antibiotics.

This is the first chapter of the guideline "Calculated initial parenteral treatment of bacterial infections in adults - update 2018" in the 2^nd updated version. The German guideline by the Paul-Ehrlich-Gesellschaft für Chemotherapie e.V. (PEG) has been translated to address an international audience. This guideline is a revision of the recommendations published in 2010, taking into account recent substances and studies. As with previous revisions, the current situation of pathogen resistance and the results of new clinical trials are considered. The results are the present recommendations for parenteral calculated initial therapy of bacterial infections in adults. If several treatment options are mentioned, they are not always equivalent in their spectrum of microbiological activity. Therapeutic alternatives offer the opportunity to consider pathogen epidemiology, to avoid antibiotic intolerances or to escalate or de-escalate treatment in a manner suited to the situation. This article describes the different therapy options.