选择初级保健:影响骨科医学生毕业的因素。

Katherine M Stefani, Jesse R Richards, Jessica Newman, Kenneth G Poole, Shannon C Scott, Caleb J Scheckel
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引用次数: 3

摘要

背景:获得初级保健可改善健康结果并降低卫生保健成本。PC医生的短缺和不断变化的医生队伍使这成为一个持续关注的问题。整骨疗法医学院正在努力填补这一空白。考虑到美国对PC医生的迫切需求,本研究旨在确定与选择PC专业相关的因素。目的:通过研究性别的作用和5个关键因素对骨科医学生选择PC专业的影响,了解其可能的动机。方法:对2007-2016年美国骨科医学院协会年度毕业生调查的反馈进行分析。总结了(1)智力和技术含量、(2)债务水平、(3)生活方式、(4)声望/收入水平、(5)个人经验和能力5个关键因素的自我报告实践决策考虑因素,并对比了PC专业和非PC专业骨科医学毕业生的主观价值。结果:2007 - 2016年,计算机专业和非计算机专业毕业生的平均比例分别为31.3%和68.7%。女性选择PC的可能性是男性的1.75倍(95% CI, 1.62-1.89)。无论专业选择如何,生活方式每年都是最重要的因素(2016年PC为1027[75.3%],非PC为320 [63.3%];结论:性别对毕业生的专业选择有显著影响,女性毕业生更有可能进入PC行业实习。所分析的5个调查因素在进入PC专业的学生和进入非PC专业的学生之间均存在显著差异。生活方式被认为是一个主要的影响因素,调查结果显示,债务水平是攻读非pc专业的学生的一个重要影响因素。
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Choosing Primary Care: Factors Influencing Graduating Osteopathic Medical Students.

Context: Access to primary care (PC) improves health outcomes and decreases health care costs. The shortage of PC physicians and shifting physician workforce makes this an ongoing concern. Osteopathic medical schools are making strides to fill this void. Considering the critical need for PC physicians in the United States, this study aims to identify factors related to choosing a PC specialty.

Objective: To understand possible motivations of osteopathic medical students pursuing a career in PC specialties by examining the role of sex and the influence of 5 key factors in this decision.

Methods: Responses from the annual American Association of Colleges of Osteopathic Medicine graduate survey (2007-2016) were analyzed. Self-reported practice decision considerations of 5 key factors, including (1) intellectual and technical content, (2) debt level, (3) lifestyle, (4) prestige/income level, and (5) personal experience and abilities were summarized, and their subjective value was contrasted between osteopathic medicine graduates pursuing PC specialties vs those pursuing non-PC specialties.

Results: The mean percentage of graduates pursuing PC and non-PC specialties from 2007 to 2016 was 31.3% and 68.7%, respectively. Women were 1.75 times more likely to choose PC than men (95% CI, 1.62-1.89). Regardless of specialty choice, lifestyle was the most important factor each year (1027 for PC [75.3%] vs 320 for non-PC [63.3%] in 2016; P<.0001). Students entering PC were more likely to report prestige and income level to be "no or minor influence" compared with students entering non-PC specialties (P<.0001). Debt level was more likely to be a "major influence" to students choosing to enter non-PC specialties than to those entering PC (P<.0001), and the percentage of non-PC students has grown from 383 in 2007 (22.9%) to 833 in 2016 (30.6%).

Conclusion: Sex was found to significantly influence a graduate's choice of specialty, and female graduates were more likely to enter practice in PC. Each of the 5 survey factors analyzed was significantly different between students entering PC and students entering non-PC specialties. Lifestyle was deemed a major influencing factor, and responses suggested that debt level is a strong influencing factor among students pursuing non-PC specialties.

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来源期刊
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OSTEOPATHIC ASSOCIATION
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN OSTEOPATHIC ASSOCIATION MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL-
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期刊介绍: JAOA—The Journal of the American Osteopathic Association is the official scientific publication of the American Osteopathic Association, as well as the premier scholarly, peer-reviewed publication of the osteopathic medical profession. The JAOA"s mission is to advance medicine through the scholarly publication of peer-reviewed osteopathic medical research. The JAOA"s goals are: 1. To be the authoritative scholarly publication of the osteopathic medical profession 2. To advance the traditional tenets of osteopathic medicine while encouraging the development of emerging concepts relevant to the profession"s distinctiveness
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