预防和控制未断奶犊牛呼吸道疾病风险评估工具的组成部分。

IF 4.3 2区 农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES Animal Health Research Reviews Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Epub Date: 2020-12-16 DOI:10.1017/S1466252320000201
Sharif S Aly, Betsy M Karle, Deniece R Williams, Gabriele U Maier, Sasha Dubrovsky
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引用次数: 2

摘要

牛呼吸道疾病(BRD)是导致美国牛肉和奶牛死亡的主要自然原因,每年造成100多万头牛死亡,经济损失超过7亿美元。BRD的多种病因及其复杂的风险因素网络需要针对奶牛群体的干预计划进行预防和控制。因此,风险评估是一个重要的工具,生产者和兽医可以利用它来全面评估使小牛易患BRD的管理和宿主因素。本研究确定了开发首个BRD风险评估工具及其组成部分所采取的步骤,即BRD风险因素问卷、BRD评分系统和针对特定畜群的BRD控制和预防计划。设计风险因素问卷调查的目的是询问犊牛饲养的各个方面,包括影响犊牛健康的管理做法,特别是BRD。与问卷中调查的每个风险因素相关的风险评分是根据两项观察性研究的数据估计的。生产者还可以使用智能手机或平板电脑应用程序估计其小牛群中BRD的流行程度,该应用程序有助于选择真正随机的小牛样本,使用加州BRD评分系统进行评分。根据确定的风险因素,生产者和兽群兽医可以决定所需的管理变革,以减轻小牛群患BRD的风险。建议在一段足够长的时间后,对一组新的小牛进行随访风险评估,以使其接触到因风险评估而引起的管理变化,以监测BRD的流行情况。
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Components of a risk assessment tool for prevention and control of bovine respiratory disease in preweaned dairy calves.

Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is the leading natural cause of death in US beef and dairy cattle, causing the annual loss of more than 1 million animals and financial losses in excess of $700 million. The multiple etiologies of BRD and its complex web of risk factors necessitate a herd-specific intervention plan for its prevention and control on dairies. Hence, a risk assessment is an important tool that producers and veterinarians can utilize for a comprehensive assessment of the management and host factors that predispose calves to BRD. The current study identifies the steps taken to develop the first BRD risk assessment tool and its components, namely the BRD risk factor questionnaire, the BRD scoring system, and a herd-specific BRD control and prevention plan. The risk factor questionnaire was designed to inquire on aspects of calf-rearing including management practices that affect calf health generally, and BRD specifically. The risk scores associated with each risk factor investigated in the questionnaire were estimated based on data from two observational studies. Producers can also estimate the prevalence of BRD in their calf herds using a smart phone or tablet application that facilitates selection of a true random sample of calves for scoring using the California BRD scoring system. Based on the risk factors identified, producers and herd veterinarians can then decide the management changes needed to mitigate the calf herd's risk for BRD. A follow-up risk assessment after a duration of time sufficient for exposure of a new cohort of calves to the management changes introduced in response to the risk assessment is recommended to monitor the prevalence of BRD.

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来源期刊
Animal Health Research Reviews
Animal Health Research Reviews VETERINARY SCIENCES-
CiteScore
6.70
自引率
0.00%
发文量
8
期刊介绍: Animal Health Research Reviews provides an international forum for the publication of reviews and commentaries on all aspects of animal health. Papers include in-depth analyses and broader overviews of all facets of health and science in both domestic and wild animals. Major subject areas include physiology and pharmacology, parasitology, bacteriology, food and environmental safety, epidemiology and virology. The journal is of interest to researchers involved in animal health, parasitologists, food safety experts and academics interested in all aspects of animal production and welfare.
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