The Development of the Mental Toughness Situational Judgment Test: A Novel Approach to Assessing Mental Toughness.

Mental toughness (MT) predicts outcomes across several high-stress contexts such as athletics, the military, and the workplace. Despite this, researchers have struggled to reach consensus regarding how best to conceptualize and measure MT. MT assessments have focused on measuring general MT rather than domain-specific MT. The current study proposed a measurement model of MT grounded in social-cognitive theory and introduced an assessment of MT within a situational judgment context relevant to the workplace. Participants completed the new MT measure as well as assessments to establish construct validity. Both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses suggested a three-factor solution fit the data best, consisting of task persistence, emotional control, and utilization of feedback. Cross-structure analyses indicated that the new assessment avoided common-method bias in responding, evidenced by weak correlations with measures of other constructs. The results provided initial evidence to continue research on using a situational judgment test to measure MT.