Correlation of serum ferritin levels with neurological function-related indices and cognitive dysfunction in patients with cerebral hemorrhage.

Aims: The purpose of this study was to explore the correlation of serum ferritin (FS) levels with neurological function-related indices, such as neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S100β protein levels, and cognitive dysfunction in patients with cerebral hemorrhage.

Materials and methods: Patients with acute non-traumatic cerebral hemorrhage (cerebrovascular disease (VD), n = 128) and healthy controls (CON, n = 128) were included. FS, NSE, and S100β levels were measured using ELISA. Cognitive functions were evaluated using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to assess the ability of SE, NSE, and serum S100β to predict the diagnosis of cognitive dysfunction in patients with cerebral hemorrhage. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to assess the risk factors of cognitive impairment in patients with cerebral hemorrhage.

Results: Cognitive impairment in patients with VD was closely related to the increased levels of SE, NSE, and S100β. There was a strong correlation between MoCA and MMSE scores and the levels of FS, NSE, and S100β. The independent risk factors leading to cognitive impairment in cerebral hemorrhage mainly include family history of cerebrovascular disease, body mass index, hypertension, smoking frequency, and elevated levels of low-density lipoproteins, NSE, FS, and S100β.

Conclusion: NSE, FS, and S100β can be used as important markers for the diagnosis of cognitive impairment in patients with cerebral hemorrhage.