通过血脑屏障输送纳米颗粒治疗中枢神经系统结核。

Ibrain Pub Date : 2023-01-29 DOI:10.1002/ibra.12087
Anna Griego, Edoardo Scarpa, Valeria De Matteis, Loris Rizzello
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引用次数: 1

摘要

纳米技术的最新进展使生物医学应用材料的生产发生了革命性的变化。如今,有大量的纳米材料有可能用于改善人类健康。另一方面,人们对这些材料如何与生物系统相互作用知之甚少,尤其是在纳米级,主要是因为缺乏探测这些相互作用的特定方法。在这篇综述中,我们将分析描述纳米颗粒(NP)从注射的第一刻开始穿过大脑的过程。我们将对纳米颗粒的物理化学性质进行初步的概述。然后,我们将讨论这些NP在到达血脑屏障(BBB)之前如何与身体隔室和生物屏障相互作用,血脑屏障是保护大脑的最后一道屏障。将特别关注与生物分子、生物介观、(血液)细胞和组织屏障的相互作用,重点关注血脑屏障。这将在大脑感染的背景下进行,特别是考虑到中枢神经系统结核病(CNS-TB),这是人类分枝杆菌感染最具破坏性的形式之一。这篇综述的最终目的不是收集或列出当前的文献数据,因为它为读者提供了分析工具和指南,用于设计在受感染的大脑中递送的有效和合理的NP。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

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Nanoparticle delivery through the BBB in central nervous system tuberculosis

Recent advances in Nanotechnology have revolutionized the production of materials for biomedical applications. Nowadays, there is a plethora of nanomaterials with potential for use towards improvement of human health. On the other hand, very little is known about how these materials interact with biological systems, especially at the nanoscale level, mainly because of the lack of specific methods to probe these interactions. In this review, we will analytically describe the journey of nanoparticles (NPs) through the brain, starting from the very first moment upon injection. We will preliminarily provide a brief overlook of the physicochemical properties of NPs. Then, we will discuss how these NPs interact with the body compartments and biological barriers, before reaching the blood–brain barrier (BBB), the last gate guarding the brain. Particular attention will be paid to the interaction with the biomolecular, the bio-mesoscopic, the (blood) cellular, and the tissue barriers, with a focus on the BBB. This will be framed in the context of brain infections, especially considering central nervous system tuberculosis (CNS-TB), which is one of the most devastating forms of human mycobacterial infections. The final aim of this review is not a collection, nor a list, of current literature data, as it provides the readers with the analytical tools and guidelines for the design of effective and rational NPs for delivery in the infected brain.

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