干扰对世界森林冠层植物群落的复杂影响:综述和综合。

IF 9.4 1区 生物学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences New Phytologist Pub Date : 2023-10-10 DOI:10.1111/nph.19245
Nalini M. Nadkarni
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引用次数: 0

摘要

表生植物及其相关生物群越来越被认为有助于生物多样性和填补世界森林的关键生态系统功能。然而,使它们在树冠环境中取得成功的特性也使它们容易受到自然和人类引起的干扰。利用生态学框架来理解干扰,我对干扰对附生材料的驱动因素和后果进行了分类和综合。在所有影响中,扰动因子在热带和温带地区都更有可能导致负面影响,而不是正面影响。值得注意的是,更多的研究报告了对丰度、多样性、群落组成和连通性的负面影响,但一些研究表明,干扰增强了这些属性。尽管特定的干扰因素对个体后果的影响没有不同,但它们解释了合计总量变化的很大一部分。令人惊讶的是,相对于人类的干扰,自然干扰更有可能导致负面影响。许多研究为有效的社会应对措施提供了建议,以减轻负面影响,如在林业作业中保留大型老树,为附生植物收割进行斑块清理,最大限度地扩大森林碎片大小,使用附生植物作为干扰的生物指标,以及将社区林业原则应用于土地管理。未来的行动还应包括向决策者和土地管理者传达这些结果。
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Complex consequences of disturbance on canopy plant communities of world forests: a review and synthesis

Epiphytes and their associated biota are increasingly recognized as contributing to biodiversity and to filling critical ecosystem functions in world forests. However, the attributes that have made them successful in canopy environments also make them vulnerable to natural and human-induced disturbances. Drawing upon ecological frameworks to understand disturbance, I categorized and synthesized the drivers and the consequences of disturbances on epiphytic materials. Across all impacts, disturbance agents were significantly more likely to lead to negative, rather than positive, effects in both tropical and temperate locales. Significantly more studies reported negative effects on abundance, diversity, community composition and connectivity, but some studies showed that disturbances enhanced these attributes. Although particular disturbance agents did not differently influence individual consequences, they explained a significant portion of variation in aggregated totals. Surprisingly, relative to human disturbances, natural disturbances were more likely to lead to negative effects. Many studies provided recommendations for effective societal responses to mitigate negative impacts, such as retaining large, old trees in forestry operations, patch-clearing for epiphyte harvest, maximizing forest fragment size, using epiphytes as bioindicators of disturbance, and applying principles of community forestry to land management. Future actions should also include communication of these results to policymakers and land managers.

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来源期刊
New Phytologist
New Phytologist PLANT SCIENCES-
CiteScore
17.60
自引率
5.30%
发文量
728
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: New Phytologist is a leading publication that showcases exceptional and groundbreaking research in plant science and its practical applications. With a focus on five distinct sections - Physiology & Development, Environment, Interaction, Evolution, and Transformative Plant Biotechnology - the journal covers a wide array of topics ranging from cellular processes to the impact of global environmental changes. We encourage the use of interdisciplinary approaches, and our content is structured to reflect this. Our journal acknowledges the diverse techniques employed in plant science, including molecular and cell biology, functional genomics, modeling, and system-based approaches, across various subfields.
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