The Ion Channels Involved in Oxidative Stress-Related Gastrointestinal Diseases

The pathogenesis of various gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, including gastritis, ulcers, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and cancer, can be linked to oxidative stress. It is known that reactive species carry out a crucial role in the genesis and progression of these pathologies; however, the contribution of ionic channels in their development is still under discussion. The function of ion channels in the gastrointestinal tract influences a variety of cellular processes. Acid-base balance, mucus layer, microbiota and mucosal blood flow are only some of the essential features for maintaining the mucosal integrity of the cellular barrier in the intestine, allowing for the preservation of proper permeability and ensuring tissue homeostasis. As the functional modulation of several ion channels is altered during oxidative stress conditions associated with gastrointestinal inflammation, this review focuses on contributing new insight into the roles of and the relationship between ion channels and oxidative stress in GI diseases. The association between ion channels and oxidative stress conditions could be used in diagnostics and the development of new pharmacological treatments for major gastrointestinal diseases.