住宅氡暴露与癌症

IF 3.1 Q2 ONCOLOGY Oncology Reviews Pub Date : 2022-02-22 DOI:10.4081/oncol.2022.558
Akhila Reddy, Camila Conde, Christopher Peterson, Kenneth M Nugent
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引用次数: 11

摘要

氡是一种公认的人类肺部致癌物质,它是从土壤和岩石中自然释放出来的无色无味气体。它是电离辐射的主要环境来源,可对DNA造成氧化损伤,增加患癌症的风险。尽管氡与癌症之间的联系已经确立,但氡与其他癌症之间的联系却不是。根据已报道的研究,没有一致的证据表明氡与非实体癌和实体癌之间存在关联,但有限的文献、异质性研究设计和混杂的变量排除了明确的结论。需要更多的研究来评估住宅氡与非肺癌之间的关系,特别是在皮肤癌症、中枢神经系统癌症、肾脏和癌症方面,现有文献表明可能存在与住宅氡的潜在关联。然而,文献在很大程度上表明,癌症是与住宅氡暴露相关的主要问题;与非肺癌缺乏关联可能反映出缺乏足够的样本量、确定准确的氡暴露水平和控制混杂因素的研究。这些结果应在住宅氡减排工作中加以考虑,重点应放在氡暴露量高的吸烟者身上。
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Residential radon exposure and cancer
Radon is an established human lung carcinogen naturally released as an odorless, colorless gas from soil and rocks. It is a major environmental source of ionizing radiation and can cause oxidative damage to DNA, increasing the risk of lung cancer. Although the association between radon and lung cancer is well established, the association between radon and other cancers is not. Based on reported studies, there is no consistent evidence indicating an association between radon and non-solid and solid cancers, but limited literature, heterogenous study design, and confounding variables preclude definitive conclusions. More research is needed to evaluate the association between residential radon and non-lung cancers, particularly with regard to skin cancer, central nervous system (CNS) cancer, renal, and stomach cancer, in which existing literature suggests potential associations with residential radon may exist. However, the literature largely demonstrates that lung cancer is the primary concern associated with residential radon exposure; the lack of association with nonlung cancers could reflect the lack of studies which have an adequate sample size, establish accurate levels of radon exposure, and control for confounders. These results should be considered in residential radon mitigation efforts which should focus on smokers with high radon exposures.
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来源期刊
Oncology Reviews
Oncology Reviews ONCOLOGY-
CiteScore
6.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
9
审稿时长
9 weeks
期刊介绍: Oncology Reviews is a quarterly peer-reviewed, international journal that publishes authoritative state-of-the-art reviews on preclinical and clinical aspects of oncology. The journal will provide up-to-date information on the latest achievements in different fields of oncology for both practising clinicians and basic researchers. Oncology Reviews aims at being international in scope and readership, as reflected also by its Editorial Board, gathering the world leading experts in both pre-clinical research and everyday clinical practice. The journal is open for publication of supplements, monothematic issues and for publishing abstracts of scientific meetings; conditions can be obtained from the Editor-in-Chief or the publisher.
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