Solid-phase concentration of calcium ions with mineral sorbents in creation of anti-icing materials

The results of an experimental study of calcium ion adsorption processes carried out on various mineral sorbents of natural origin are presented. The sorption properties of the selected objects were studied and the possibility of their use as combined anti-icing materials was evaluated. In the work were investigated technological indicators of the quality of sorbents - the pH of the zero-charge point, the sorption capacity of sorbents and the optimum pH interval to determine the sorption activity of mineral raw materials on calcium ion. Analysis of the adsorption isotherms of calcium ions by the mineral sorbents studied makes it possible to note that the adsorption equilibrium on the clay is established more rapidly than on the opal of the marl type and marl. At the same time, the maximum absorption capacity of clay and marl has close values, which is related to the structure of the sorbent surface and the mineral composition of the materials. Opal of the marl type has a more developed surface, which is illustrated by a much higher absorption capacity and is confirmed by the values of the specific surface area. The obtained experimental data were processed using Freundlich, Langmuir, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich models. When describing the adsorption equilibrium of calcium ions on mineral sorbents, the Freyndlich isotherm is a more rigorous model, which indicates the presence of a large number of active centers and their exponential distribution on the surface of sorbents. The quantitative characteristics of the adsorption capacity of sorbents, found by adsorption models, made it possible to identify the optimum conditions of processes, establish a relationship between the values of the sorption of calcium ions by their structure and the porosity of the materials. It has been established that opal of marl type is the most effective carrier for producing anti-icing materials. For citation: Dzhigola L.A., Syutova E.A. Solid-phase concentration of calcium ions with mineral sorbents in creation of anti-icing materials. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2018. V. 61. N 9-10. P. 98-104