继发性神经变性:轴突变性和轴突变性的一般方法

Q4 Medicine Neurographics Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI:10.3174/ng.2000050
F. B. Assunção, T. Scoppetta, B. S. Yonekura Inada, L.D.A. Martins, E. Narvaez, M. Soldatelli, L. Freitas, V. Marussi, C. S. Campos, L. Amaral
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引用次数: 1

摘要

中枢神经系统WM束主要由轴突组成,当这些结构发生凋亡或失去完整性时,可能发生神经退行性变。继发性神经元变性可归类为轴突变性,仅涉及通路中的第一个神经元(皮质脊髓束的Wallerian变性是其原型),也可归类为经轴变性,并涉及特定束中常见通路(通常是闭合神经元回路)中的多个神经元,如齿状红核-橄榄束,边缘系统束、皮质-小脑束、颅神经束和黑质纹状体通路。本研究旨在回顾易受继发性神经元变性影响的主要中枢神经系统束的解剖结构,并通过不同的成像模式说明与许多神经疾病的病理生理基础中这一探索和理解不足的过程相关的发现。学习目的:识别易发生继发性神经元变性的主要中枢神经系统束的解剖结构,并在不同的成像模式下确定其主要成像结果。
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Secondary Neurodegeneration: A General Approach to Axonal and Transaxonal Degeneration
CNS WM tracts are mainly composed of axons, and when these structures undergo apoptosis or lose their integrity, neurodegeneration may occur. Secondary neuronal degeneration can be classified as axonal degeneration and involves only the first neuron in a pathway (Wallerian degeneration of the corticospinal tract being its prototype) or be classified as transaxonal degeneration and involve more than a single neuron in a common pathway, usually a closed neuronal circuit, in specific tracts, such as the dentate-rubro-olivary tract, tracts of the limbic system, corticopontocerebellar tract, cranial nerve tracts, and nigrostriatal pathway. This study aimed to review the anatomy of the main CNS tracts susceptible to secondary neuronal degeneration and to illustrate, through different imaging modalities, the findings associated with this poorly explored and understood process involved in the pathophysiologic substrate of numerous neurologic diseases.Learning Objective: Recognize the anatomy of the main CNS tracts susceptible to secondary neuronal degeneration and identify its main imaging findings in different imaging modalities.
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来源期刊
Neurographics
Neurographics Medicine-Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging
CiteScore
0.20
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0.00%
发文量
12
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