Les démocraties du tirage au sort

The Democracies of Sortition. Legitimacies and Institutional Models in Conflict Randomly selected deliberative mini-publics are on the rise all over the world. However, those devices remain almost always ad hoc, opening the door to arbitrary maneuver and triggering a debate on their future stabilization. What are the competing proposals aiming at institutionalizing sortition within political systems? I identify four institutional models of democracy, relying on opposing views of legitimacy and of politics: tokenistic consultation, radical democracy, empowered clerocracy and hybrid polyarchy. Each of those models of democracy are distincts by their visions of conflict and of representation. Some models think mini-publics as tools for legitimizing elected officials and for bypassing social conflicts, others see in sortition a way to give power to the people in a struggle against delegitimized elites, finally others make sortition a way to avoid any vote, in election or referendum. Les démocraties du tirage au sort 31 © P re ss es d e S ci en ce s P o | T él éc ha rg é le 2 4/ 06 /2 02 1 su r w w w .c ai rn .in fo p ar vi a U ni ve rs ité d e La us an ne ( IP : 6 4. 11 2. 17 7. 2) © P reses de S cinces P o | T éléhargé le 246/2021 ur w w w .can.info ar ia U nirsité de Lasanne IP : 64.1.177.2)