精准医学革新食管癌治疗:通过靶向药物治疗克服障碍,提高治疗效果

Onco Pub Date : 2023-07-15 DOI:10.3390/onco3030010
Poojarani Panda, H. Verma, L. Bhaskar
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引用次数: 0

摘要

癌症食管癌是癌症治疗领域的一个巨大挑战。手术、化疗和免疫疗法等传统方法在治疗这种疾病方面的成功率有限。作为回应,靶向药物治疗已成为改善患者预后的一种有前景的策略。这些疗法旨在破坏参与食管癌症细胞生长发育的特定途径。这篇综述探讨了用于靶向特定途径的各种药物,包括西妥昔单抗和靶向表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)的单克隆抗体(吉非替尼)、靶向人表皮生长因子2受体(HER-2)的曲妥珠单抗、靶向血管内皮生长因子受体的药物(VEGFR)、mTOR抑制剂和cMET抑制剂。此外,文章还讨论了耐药性对这些疗法有效性的影响,重点介绍了癌症干细胞、癌症相关成纤维细胞、免疫炎症细胞、细胞因子、缺氧和生长因子等因素。虽然由于耐药性和相关副作用,药物靶向方法不能完全治愈癌症食管癌,但它们为提高患者存活率提供了潜力。
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Precision Medicine Revolutionizing Esophageal Cancer Treatment: Surmounting Hurdles and Enhancing Therapeutic Efficacy through Targeted Drug Therapies
Esophageal cancer is a formidable challenge in the realm of cancer treatment. Conventional methods such as surgery, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy have demonstrated limited success rates in managing this disease. In response, targeted drug therapies have emerged as a promising strategy to improve outcomes for patients. These therapies aim to disrupt specific pathways involved in the growth and development of esophageal cancer cells. This review explores various drugs used to target specific pathways, including cetuximab and monoclonal antibodies (gefitinib) that target the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), trastuzumab that targets human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2), drugs targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), mTOR inhibitors, and cMET inhibitors. Additionally, the article discusses the impact of drug resistance on the effectiveness of these therapies, highlighting factors such as cancer stem cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts, immune-inflammatory cells, cytokines, hypoxia, and growth factors. While drug targeting approaches do not provide a complete cure for esophageal cancer due to drug resistance and associated side effects, they offer potential for improving patient survival rates.
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