考虑火灾产物影响的行人疏散元胞自动机模型

IF 3 3区 农林科学 Q2 ECOLOGY Fire-Switzerland Pub Date : 2023-08-17 DOI:10.3390/fire6080320
Yuechan Liu, Junyan Li, Chao Sun
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引用次数: 2

摘要

为了准确模拟火灾中真实的行人疏散,结合火灾动力学软件开发了行人运动参数动态变化的元胞自动机模型。火灾动力学软件用于模拟烟雾在场景内的扩散,以获得场景内的能见度和CO浓度数据。我们将烟雾数据导入元胞自动机,并随着时间的推移调整行人的移动速度,从而产生与现实紧密一致的模拟数据。结果表明,在单房间场景中,随着行人密度从每平方米0.1人增加到0.5人,熟悉其位置的行人百分比对疏散效率的影响从44.93%下降到24.52%。相反,在多房间场景中,从23.68%增加到38.79%。行人受烟雾影响较小的比例随着CO产量的增加而降低并稳定。在单间场景中,当一氧化碳产量低于10%时,熟悉现场的行人比例较低的人群比比例较高的人群更容易受到烟雾的影响。在多房间场景中,人群的受害率遵循先增加后减少的曲线,最终随着CO产量的变化而稳定。
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Cellular Automaton Model for Pedestrian Evacuation Considering Impacts of Fire Products
To accurately simulate realistic pedestrian evacuation from a fire, a cellular automaton model of the dynamic changes in pedestrian movement parameters is developed in conjunction with fire dynamics software. The fire dynamics software is used to simulate the spread of smoke within the scene to obtain visibility and CO concentration data within the scene. We imported the smoke data into the cellular automata and adjusted the pedestrian movement speed over time, resulting in simulation data that closely align with reality. The results show that for the single-room scenario, as pedestrian density increased from 0.1 to 0.5 persons per square meter (p/m2), the influence of the percentage of pedestrians familiar with their location on evacuation efficiency decreased from 44.93% to 24.52%. Conversely, in the multi-room scenario, it increased from 23.68% to 38.79%. The proportion of pedestrians less affected by smoke decreases and stabilizes as the CO yield increases. In the single-room scenario, when the CO yield is below 10%, the crowd with a low percentage of pedestrians familiar with the site is more affected by smoke than those with a high percentage. In the multi-room scenario, the victimization rate of the crowd follows an increasing-then-decreasing curve, ultimately stabilizing with changes in CO yield.
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来源期刊
Fire-Switzerland
Fire-Switzerland Multiple-
CiteScore
3.10
自引率
15.60%
发文量
182
审稿时长
11 weeks
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