Genetic Variation Study within (Ompok bimaculatus and Clupisoma sinensis) Populations in Samarra Dam Middle of Iraq and Shatt Al-Arab Southern of Iraq belonging to Tigris River Using Mitochondrial Cytochrome b Gene

This study was specifically aimed at Genetic Variation Study Within (Ompok bimaculatus & Clupisoma sinensis) Populations, and evaluated partial Cytb gene sequence of mtDNA for determining the genetic variation within Ompok bimaculatus & Clupisoma sinensis populations in Samarra Dam Middle of Iraq and Shatt Al-Arab Southern of Iraq belonging to Tigris River Using Mitochondrial Cytochrome b Gene. DNA extracted from 80 specimens of the two species of interest from two stations were analyzed. The Size of gene was (amplified Cytb gene) 1,118 bp long and 1,138bp long for O. bimaculatus and C. sinensis, respectively. By using Software DnaSP v5.1, the study revealed that there are two individual species in Samarra Dam and 3 in Shatt-AlArab river whereas 2 haplotypes in C. sinensis population in Shatt Al-Arab and only one hap. In Samarra Dam, there is also Sequencing of Cytb fragments. According to the molecular variance analysis, analyzes of nucleotide diversity and haplotypes pattern were performed separately for each community using the DnaSP v5.10 program. The analysis revealed that there are two types of specific haplotypes in (O. bimaculatus) in the Samarra Dam and 3 of the haplotypes patterns observed in the Shatt al-Arab River, while there are two haplotypes patterns in (St. Sinensis) in the Shatt al-Arab and 1 of haplotypes in Samarra Dam. Low range values of nucleotide and haplotype diversity for both species in Shatt Al-Arab river populations were revealed which refer to low genetic variation within each population in Shatt Al-Arab. As well as low range values of π and Hd for (O. bimaculatus) species in Samarra Dam populations which revealed low genetic variation while no genetic variation in (C. sinensis) population.