国际环境的复杂性和对多面手和管理人员选择专家的需求

IF 5.7 2区 管理学 Q1 BUSINESS Global Strategy Journal Pub Date : 2022-10-14 DOI:10.1002/gsj.1463
Tommaso Vallone, Stefano Elia, Peder Greve
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引用次数: 2

摘要

本研究探讨了多面手和专家的选择作为公司国际业务复杂性的组织反应。根据高管职位需求的概念,我们将制度模糊性和经济复杂性确定为公司对外投资导致的国家环境复杂性的两个不同来源,并预测它们如何影响跨国公司新高管的选择。我们的假设将制度模糊性和经济复杂性分别与任命具有通才和专家背景的高管联系起来。我们还研究了环境复杂性的两个来源如何相互作用,并测试了多种替代规范,以增强我们对环境复杂性作为国际商业背景下执行工作需求的决定因素的理解。我们对2008年至2018年间132家英国制造企业的436名高管任命进行了实证分析。研究结果普遍支持我们的主要假设。我们讨论了研究结果的理论和实践意义以及未来的研究方向。本研究表明,通过子公司业务在不同的国际环境中运营的公司将面临不同的需求,这些需求根据环境复杂性的类型而变化。我们的研究结果表明,当公司专注于复杂的经济环境时,他们倾向于任命具有专业背景的高级经理,而在制度模糊的环境中,具有通才背景的高级经理往往更受青睐。我们的研究结果增强了我们对国际商业背景下对执行通才和专家的需求的理解,表明高层管理人员的背景与公司国际运营中普遍存在的复杂性类型相匹配,从而质疑了普遍持有的观点,即执行通才通常比专家更受欢迎。我们的研究对跨国公司高层管理团队的构成和高管职业道路的塑造具有重要意义。
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International environmental complexity and the demand for generalists and specialists in executive selection

Research Summary

This study investigates the selection of generalists and specialists as an organizational response to the complexity of firms' international operations. Drawing on the concept of executive job demands, we identify institutional ambiguity and economic sophistication as two distinct sources of country environmental complexity resulting from a firm's foreign investment and predict how they affect the selection of new executives at multinational firms. Our hypotheses associate institutional ambiguity and economic sophistication with the appointment of executives with generalist and specialist backgrounds, respectively. We also examine how the two sources of environmental complexity interact and test multiple alternative specifications to enhance our understanding of environmental complexity as a determinant of executive job demands in the context of international business. Our empirical analyses are performed on a sample of 436 executive appointments occurring in 132 UK-based manufacturing firms, observed between 2008 and 2018. Findings show general support for our main hypotheses. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of our findings as well as directions for future research.

Managerial Summary

This study suggests that companies operating across different international environments through their subsidiary operations will be exposed to distinct demands that vary according to the type of environmental complexity. Our results reveal that companies tend to appoint top managers with specialist backgrounds when their focus is on economically sophisticated environments, whereas top managers with generalist backgrounds tend to be preferred in institutionally ambiguous environments. Our findings enhance our understanding of the demand for executive generalists and specialists in the international business context by showing that top managers' backgrounds are matched with the prevailing type of complexity deriving from the international operations of the firm, thus, questioning the widely held notion that executive generalists are generally preferred over specialists. Our study has important implications for the composition of top management teams and the shaping of executive career paths at multinational firms.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
14.20
自引率
11.80%
发文量
46
期刊介绍: The Global Strategy Journal is a premier platform dedicated to publishing highly influential managerially-oriented global strategy research worldwide. Covering themes such as international and global strategy, assembling the global enterprise, and strategic management, GSJ plays a vital role in advancing our understanding of global business dynamics.
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