Extracting phytocompounds from Mucuna pruriens leaves as potential ruminant feed additives using different solvents

Some secondary metabolites of plants could serve as ruminant feed additives. They primarily preserve protein from rumen breakdown, reduce rumen protozoa population, and decrease methane gas production. The current study aimed to identify the phytocompounds content of extracted Mucuna pruriens leaves using the Microwave-assisted extraction method using three different solvents of methanol 70% (EM), aquadest (EA), and combinations of EM and EA (EK). The phytocompounds were identified by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Some phytocompounds identified in the Mucuna pruriens substances from GC-MS curve proportion area of EM were 10.35% inositol, 3.1% quinazoline, 4.72% anthraquinone, 3.76% Coptisine, 2.06% isoquinoline, 2.18% D-gluconic acid, 2.83% D-Fructose, 3.91% D-glucose, and 4.59% butanedioic acid. The phytocompounds for EK were 17.22% inositol, 6.36% Niclosamide, 1.4% Acetamide, 1.32% Aniline, 55.97% 4-Amino-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrofuro[2,3-b] quinoline-3-carbonitrile, 17.22% inositol. Furthermore, 22.73% inositol, 6.55%, ribonoic acid, 5.58%, silanol, 21.27% butanodioic acid, 2.88% Fluoroquinoxaline, 5,31%, glycerol, 1,64%, D- gluconic acid were found in the EA. The EA had high inositol content, the EK had high quinoline content, and the EM showed moderate results for all phytobiotics. The total phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins content significantly differed among the three solvents. The EA yielded the highest concentrations of total phenolics, flavonoids, and tannins, but the lowest concentration of total saponins. In contrast, the EM yielded the lowest total phenolics, flavonoids, and tannins content, but the highest total saponins content. Meanwhile, the EK yielded modest results for all phytocompounds, with values between EA and EM. In conclusion, the methanolic extract of Mucuna pruriens substance had the highest phytocompounds and bioactive potential as ruminant feed additives.