Association of serum biochemical indexes and thyroid nodule with disease activity in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the correlation of serum biochemical indexes with disease activity and pruritus in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). Methods: Fifty CSU patients were enrolled and 50 health screen examinees were recruited as the control group. Peripheral blood samples were collected, and thyroid colour Doppler ultrasounds were recorded. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated for both groups. The urticaria activity score over 7 days (UAS-7) was used to evaluate the disease activity and degree of pruritus. Results: There was no significant difference in BMI between CSU patients and control (p > .05). The serum WBC, NEU, CRP (all p = .000) and ALT levels (p = .013) in the CSU patients were significantly higher than those in the healthy control group, and the UAS-7 score was positively correlated with WBC and NEU in the CSU patient group. The TG level of the CSU group was higher than healthy controls, albeit no statistical significance (p = .522). The levels of T3 and TSH were significantly lower in the CSU group (p = .000). The incidence rate of thyroid nodules in the CSU patients was significantly higher (p = .045), and four CSU patients showed papillary carcinoma by pathology examination. The average UAS-7 score of patients with complications was significantly higher than that of patients without complications. Conclusion: Patients experiencing CSU generally exhibit abnormal serum biochemical indexes and thyroid function. Their incidence rates of thyroid nodule and thyroid papillary carcinoma are significantly higher than that of healthy subjects, which should be considered in clinical practice.