生物群落拓扑分化的指征分析的方法学方面

Yakov Didukh, Y. Vasheniak, Anna A. Kuzemko, Yu.V. Rosenblit, O. Chusova
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引用次数: 0

摘要

分析了一些常用的定量分析方法在处理系统指标数据时的优缺点。这些方法能够反映植物群落的重要生态特征,并评估其拓扑和区域分化的性质,从而表征α-、β-、γ-多样性。我们还研究了当前有争议的问题,即使用生态指标值的尺度及其基于单一“分母”的正确比较方法。在建立各种类型(矢量、组合和复杂)的生态和共病剖面的基础上,考虑了用于评估栖息地拓扑分化的梯度分析的视觉方面。我们将注意力集中在排序方法的最优模型的应用上(去趋势对应分析-DCA,非度量多维标度-NDS)。评价了聚类分析在各种树状图构建方法中的应用。对上述方法的分析使我们能够评估它们在synphyto指示技术的各个方面的使用效率。这使我们能够使用这些数据来预测和模拟生物群落的变化和发展,评估和分类生物生境、景观结构(ecomer)、分区(ecochor),以及评估植被对外部因素影响的抵抗力。数学和控制论的方法和方法有望在未来的地植物学中得到更广泛的应用,因为许多与非线性发展、生态系统特性的突然变化和寻找临界阈值有关的紧迫生态问题无法以传统的方式解决。
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Methodological aspects of synphytoindication analysis of topological differentiation of biotopes
The advantages and disadvantages of some most common methods of quantitative analysis used in processing of synphytoindication data were analyzed. These methods enabled reflection of important ecological characteristics of plant communities and assessment of the nature of their topological and regional differentiation characterizing α-, β-, γ-diversity. We also examined current debatable issues regarding the use of scales of ecological indicator values and methods of their correct comparison based on bringing to a single "denominator". The visual aspects of the gradient analysis used in assessment of topological differentiation of habitats based on the establishment of various types (vector, combinative and complex) of ecological and coenotic profiles are considered. We focused our attention on the application of optimal models of ordination methods (detrended correspondence analysis – DCA, non-metric multidimensional scaling – NMDS). The use of cluster analysis reflected in various methods of dendrogram constructing was evaluated. The analysis of the above methods allows us to evaluate the efficiency of their use in various aspects of synphytoindication techniques. This allows us to use such data for forecasting and modeling biocoenoses changes and development, for assessment and classification of biotopes, landscape structure (ecomer), zoning (ecochor), as well as for evaluation of the resistance of vegetation to the influence of external factors. The methods and approaches of mathematics and cybernetics are expected to be more widely used in geobotany in the future, since many pressing ecological issues related to non-linear development, emergent changes in the ecosystems properties and search for critical thresholds cannot be solved in a traditional way.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
36
审稿时长
8 weeks
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