The Impact of Aspirin on Stem Cells and Growth Factors: Roles in Dentistry

The periodontal ligament (PDL) contains a unique population of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), also known as PDL stem cells (PDLSCs). The regenerative properties of PDLSCs offer much potential for stem cell-based therapy, particularly for periodontal or bone regeneration. Aspirin (ASA) is a widely used nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that has been reported to modulate a variety of diseases, such as cardiovascular, diabetes, and cancer. This review article focuses on the impacts of ASA on various stem cells. First, we will explain what constitutes PDLSCs and their derivation from periodontal tissues. Then we will discuss the mechanisms of ASA and its effect on periodontal tissues. Next, we focus on aspirin’s effects on the differentiation of various types of stem cells. Finally, we investigate the effects of ASA on growth factors that could enhance the osteoblastic potential of derived stem cells.