Research progress of high-power waveguide window

High-power waveguide window is a critical component of high-power klystron and accelerator. The RF breakdown of the waveguide window always cause the failure of the high-power klystron. In this paper, the research progress of high-power waveguide window in the international vacuum electronics field is introduced. The research status, manufacturing requirement, and RF breakdown mechanism of the classical pill-box window are presented at first. Then the characters of some new type waveguide windows such as the tapered window, travelling wave in ceramic window, mixed-mode window, and over-mode window are summarized. Some breakdown suppression technologies like changing the material character of the window disk, changing the surface configuration of the window disk, using the positive dielectric angle, applying DC electric field or DC magnetic field, changing the waveform of transverse electric field are emphasized at the end.