Investigating the effect of bioactive glasses on enamel remineralization through morphological and elemental analysis

Background: Functionally and esthetically, enamel is the most important dental hard tissue in the tooth structure. It is composed of hydroxyapatite crystals and is the hardest calcified matrix in the body. Erosion of this dental hard tissue due to any underlying pathological disease or regurgitation, vomiting, and gastroesophageal reflux disease is termed tooth erosion or demineralization. Remineralization has to be achieved to prevent sensitivity and altered occlusion. Methods: The sample teeth were cleaned with 1% sodium hypochlorite and then demineralized using 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, which were later brushed twice a till 7 and 14 days using bioactive glass to figure out the extent of demineralization. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was analyzed on the 7th and 14th day, respectively. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) model. Results: Remineralization was observed with the help of field-emission-Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis on the exposed surface of the teeth samples which were brushed with a bioactive glass of 100 mg and 200 mg concentrations twice a day till the incubation period. Conclusions: Bioglass explicates the enhanced mineralization on the tooth surface with respect to concentration as well as in incubation. Hence, we found that bioglass is one of the significant materials for tooth remineralization.