Design of tree planting pattern: impacting on the road-air quality for pedestrians from CO2 dispersion emitted from transportation

This research focuses on the design of trees planting patterns based on CO2 dispersion emitted from transportation in a real 3D environment. This study provides five scenarios based on some element design of trees planting pattern, which is the position of trees planting, avenue-tree layouts, and the spacing of the trees. This research simulates fluid flow, so computational fluid dynamics (CFDs) was used to simulate the spread of CO2. The study area and emission data are according to the actual condition of the road in Surabaya City, Indonesia. The result displayed the CO2 dispersion at an altitude of 1.8 metres as an average of human height and proved that the design influences CO2 dispersion. Pattern B has a design that can disperse CO2 emission better than other patterns. Meanwhile, pattern A is not good enough in dispersing CO2 from transportation, so this design has large areas in poor road-air quality.