英国栎林32年繁殖鸟类种群密度和稳定性与生境结构和边缘的关系

IF 0.8 4区 生物学 Q3 ORNITHOLOGY Acta Ornithologica Pub Date : 2022-12-06 DOI:10.3161/00016454AO2022.57.1.004
R. Fuller
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引用次数: 0

摘要

摘要波兰东北部Białowieża国家公园(BNP)的长期繁殖鸟类普查显示,鸟类密度较低,群落稳定性较高,这可能是近天然森林条件的特征。本文报告了对英格兰中部50公顷橡树林地中繁殖鸟类的长期普查,该林地包括管理区和未受干扰区。提供了关于英国成熟阔叶林中繁殖鸟类密度及其空间变化的新信息,以解决两个问题:在什么情况下,英国森林可能支持比BNP更高的密度?有没有证据表明英国林地的人口和社区稳定性较低?在整个研究区域和未受干扰的林分中,总体鸟类密度都低于BNP橡树角木林分。五种优势种中有三种(蓝斑藻、大斑藻、Troglodytes Troglodytes)在BNP中的密度较低,蓝斑Fringilla coelebs较高,而红斑Erithacus rubecula相似。在未受干扰的林分中,12个物种中有7个物种的密度与BNP中的密度相似,其中两个显著较高(C.caeruleus,P.major),一个更低(F.coelebs)。几个物种对外部林地边缘的选择导致边缘地带的总体密度相对较高。鸟类群落的总体组成保持相当稳定,但热带迁徙鸟类的减少和灌木层巢鸟的增加除外。物种的时间丰度模式表现出很大的个性。几个物种的趋势似乎是由栖息地结构的变化所驱动的。然而,在整个研究期间,相同的物种在数量上仍然占主导地位或是木材的特征。这表明有一个核心的弹性物种,就像为BNP提出的那样。尽管在从单个地点得出结论时需要谨慎,但除了少数物种外,近几十年来,英国林地的鸟类密度不太可能高于BNP。然而,一些植被结构高度复杂或边缘栖息地比例较高的英国树林确实密度极高(>100个地区/10公顷)。
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Population Density and Stability of Breeding Birds in English Oak Woodland Over a 32-Year Period in Relation to Habitat Structure and Edges
Abstract. Long-term breeding bird censuses in Białowieża National Park (BNP), north-east Poland, have revealed rather low densities of birds and high community stability which may be features of near-natural forest conditions. This paper reports on a long-term census of breeding birds in 50 ha of oak woodland in central England which contained both managed and undisturbed areas. New information is provided on breeding bird density and its spatial variation within English mature broadleaved woodland to address two questions: Under what circumstances are English woods likely to support higher densities than those occurring in BNP? Is there evidence that population and community stability is lower in English woodland? The overall bird density was lower than in the BNP oak-hornbeam stands, at the scale of both the whole study area and the undisturbed stands. Densities of three of the five dominant species (Cyanistes caeruleus, Parus major, Troglodytes troglodytes) were lower in BNP, Fringilla coelebs was higher, while Erithacus rubecula was similar. Within the undisturbed stands, densities of seven of 12 species, including T. troglodytes, were similar to those in BNP, two were considerably higher (C. caeruleus, P. major) and one much lower (F. coelebs). Selection of the external woodland edge by several species resulted in relatively high overall densities in the edge zone. The broad composition of the bird community remained fairly stable with the exception of declines in tropical migrants and increases in shrub layer nesters. Temporal abundance patterns of species showed much individuality. Trends of several species appeared to be driven by changes in habitat structure. However, the same species remained numerically dominant or characteristic of the wood throughout the study period. This suggests there was a core of resilient species, much as proposed for BNP. Although caution is needed in drawing conclusions from a single site, with the exception of a small number of species, in recent decades there is unlikely to have been a general pattern of higher densities of birds in English woodland than in BNP. However, some English woods with highly complex vegetation structures, or a high proportion of edge habitat, do have exceptionally high densities (> 100 territories/10 ha).
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来源期刊
Acta Ornithologica
Acta Ornithologica 生物-鸟类学
CiteScore
2.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
14
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Publishes scientific papers (original research reports, reviews, short notes, etc.) and announcements from all fields of ornithology. All manuscripts are peer-reviewed. Established in 1933 as Acta Ornithologica Musei Zoologici Polonici, since 1953 continued under the present title. Published twice a year by the Natura Optima Dux Foundation under the auspices of the Museum and Institute of Zoology, Polish Academy of Sciences.
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