物理常数作为现代普遍自然规律的标识符

IF 0.3 3区 哲学 0 PHILOSOPHY Organon F Pub Date : 2020-08-06 DOI:10.31577/orgf.2020.27303
Orli Dahan
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引用次数: 1

摘要

我认为,在现代代数表述的科学中,“物理常数”可以被理解为一种普遍的自然规律的“标识符”。这种识别的作用是可能的,因为“物理常数”的概念满足了对普遍性、稳定性和根本性(作为普遍规律)的相同需求,以增加科学理论的认识价值。这可以用两种不同的方式来证明。第一种方法涉及一个思想实验,设想没有物理常数的科学,这似乎是一种局部和特定定律的科学。第二个是观察到,物理常数大多是作为普遍定律的代数公式的组成部分出现的,而不是在特定定律的代数公式中出现的。这种关于物理常数和普遍自然规律之间联系的观察,如果正确的话,将做出两项贡献。首先,它至少部分地澄清了“法”这个概念在当代科学中使用(和缺乏)的模糊性。第二,它有助于区分普遍规律和特殊规律,同时避免了一个关于自然规律的持久的哲学问题——关于概括的其他条件相同标准的问题。
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Physical Constants as Identifiers of Modern Universal Laws of Nature
I argue that in modern algebraic-formulated science the ‘physical constant’ can be understood, for practical purposes, as an ‘identifier’ of a universal law of nature. This identifying role is possible because the concept of ‘physical constant’ fulfills the same need for universality, stability, and fundamentality (as universal laws) for increasing the epistemic value of a scientific theory. This can be demonstrated in two different ways. The first involves a thought experiment envisioning science without physical constants, which appears to be a science of local and particular laws. The second is the observation that physical constants mostly emerge as components in an algebraic formulation of universal laws, but not in the algebraic formulation of particular laws. This observation about the link between physical constants and universal laws of nature, if correct, makes two contributions. First, it clarifies, at least partially, the ambiguity in the use (and the absence) of the concept ‘law’ in contemporary science. Second, it can help in distinguishing between a universal law and a particular law, while avoiding one of the abiding philosophical problems regarding laws of nature—the problem of the ceteris-paribus criterion for a generalization.
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来源期刊
Organon F
Organon F PHILOSOPHY-
CiteScore
0.70
自引率
20.00%
发文量
19
审稿时长
38 weeks
期刊介绍: Organon F publishes high-quality articles on the entire range of topics discussed in contemporary analytic philosophy. Accordingly, we invite authors to submit articles that address issues that belong, but are not limited, to philosophy of language, philosophy of mind, philosophy of science, epistemology, metaphysics and philosophical logic. We also consider analytically written articles on ethics, aesthetics, social philosophy, political philosophy and history of philosophy. The principal aim is to publish original articles that meet the standards typical of analytic philosophy, primarily those of conceptual clarity, precision and soundness of argumentation.
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