美国与现代土耳其的形成:科学、文化和政治联盟

IF 0.7 2区 历史学 Q1 HISTORY Journal of Cold War Studies Pub Date : 2022-09-01 DOI:10.1162/jcws_r_01067
Erdem Sönmez
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摘要

作为了解殖民主义结束以来非洲复杂的政治和经济现实的窗口。他避开了过时的“伟人”历史观,把商羯罗描绘成一个有远见的人,他是由城市工人、学生和左翼政党组成的更广泛的社会运动的一部分。这些演员满足了商羯罗的愿景,塑造了他的信息。彼得森提供了一种新的、更复杂的、比许多早期作品更批判性的评价。他详细描述了商羯罗的成就和错误,并对商羯罗的记录提出了相互矛盾的观点。欧内斯特·哈希(Ernest Harsch)的《托马斯·桑卡拉:一位非洲革命者》(Athens, Ohio: Ohio University Press, 2014)是少数例外,该书提供了同样平衡但更简短的描述,特别适合学生和大众读者。由于商羯罗口头表达了他的观点,彼得森的资料来源包括商羯罗的演讲、广播和电视广播、记者和支持者录制或发表的采访,以及革命时期的报纸。面对商羯罗政府文件被毁的挑战,彼得森找到了个人收藏的抢救记录,并对商羯罗的家人和同事、劳工领袖、草根活动家、记者、外国外交官和学者进行了100多次采访,他们讲述了他们对革命、政变和导致政变的事件的记忆。他从以前的美国机密外交电报中挑选了一些信息,包括美国驻布基纳法索、Côte科特迪瓦、古巴、法国、马里、尼日尔和塞内加尔大使馆的电报,这些电报暴露了国内和国际上破坏桑卡拉政府的努力。殖民时代的报道为商羯罗作为革命者的形成和他的掌权提供了历史背景。不幸的是,有关桑卡拉及其政府的法国政府文件失踪了,这些文件仍然被归类为“秘密档案”。总而言之,彼得森的托马斯·桑卡拉加深了我们对这位重要的非洲领导人的远见和行动的了解,而他却很少受到学术界的关注。这本专著对我们理解冷战期间塑造非洲国家的复杂政治、经济和社会动态做出了重要贡献。它强烈推荐给非洲的学者和学生,是学院和大学图书馆必不可少的采购。
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America and the Making of Modern Turkey: Science, Culture and Political Alliances
life as a window into the complex political and economic realities of Africa since the end of colonialism. Eschewing the outmoded “great man” view of history, he presents Sankara as a visionary who was part of a broader social movement comprising urban workers, students, and leftist political parties. These actors fed Sankara’s vision and shaped his message. Peterson provides a new, more complex, and more critical appraisal than many earlier works. He details Sankara’s accomplishments and errors and offers conflicting views of Sankara’s record. Among the few exceptions to this characterization of earlier literature is Ernest Harsch, Thomas Sankara: An African Revolutionary (Athens, OH: Ohio University Press, 2014), which offers a similarly balanced but briefer account that is particularly well-suited to students and popular audiences. Because Sankara presented his vision orally, Peterson’s sources included Sankara’s speeches, radio and television broadcasts, and interviews, as recorded or published by journalists and supporters, as well as newspapers from the revolutionary period. Challenged by the destruction of the Sankara government’s papers, Peterson sought out personal collections of salvaged records and conducted more than 100 interviews with Sankara’s family members and associates, labor leaders, grassroots activists, journalists, foreign diplomats, and scholars, who recounted their memories of the revolution, the coup, and the events leading to it. He culled information from previously classified U.S. diplomatic cables, including those from U.S. embassies in Burkina Faso, Côte d’Ivoire, Cuba, France, Mali, Niger, and Senegal, which exposed domestic and international efforts to undermine the Sankara government. Colonial-era reports provided the historical context for Sankara’s formation as a revolutionary and his rise to power. Unfortunately missing are French government documents pertaining to Sankara and his government, which remain classified under the label “secret défense.” In sum, Peterson’s Thomas Sankara deepens our knowledge of the vision and actions of an important African leader who has received far too little scholarly attention. The monograph constitutes an important contribution to our understanding of the complex political, economic, and social dynamics that shaped African countries during the Cold War. It is highly recommended for scholars and students of Africa and is an essential acquisition for college and university libraries.
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来源期刊
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0.00%
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44
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