民族认同与基本权利保护

IF 0.5 Q3 LAW European Public Law Pub Date : 2021-08-01 DOI:10.54648/euro2021024
M. Claes
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引用次数: 1

摘要

文章质疑欧盟(EU)保护国家身份的义务是否是解决基本权利概念分歧的有效方法,文章认为并非如此。在对第4(2)条TEU的文本、其历史和法院的实践进行审查的基础上,有人认为,第4(2)条TEU下的“国家认同”概念并不包括关于基本权利的特定国家概念,但承认可能很难明确区分国家认同的更多组织或结构因素及其对个人基本权利的影响。文章接着探讨了国家途径,其中基本权利往往包括在宪法身份的概念中,由国家法院保护。然而,有人认为,基于国内法下的宪法认同的论点不利于裁决有关欧盟基本权利的案件。这样的身份声明就像王牌一样。然而,在基本权利领域,还有其他办法来适应会员国之间的多样性。如果法院也使用和尊重这些规定,则不需要单方面诉诸宪法身份。宪法认同-民族多样性-基本权利保护-认同检讨-分歧-基本权利保护协调-民族选择
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National Identity and the Protection of Fundamental Rights
The article asks whether the European Union (EU)’s duty to protect national identities is a useful way to address diverging conceptions of fundamental rights, and it argues that it is not. On the basis of an examination of the text of Article 4(2) TEU, its history and the practice of the Court of Justice, it is argued that the concept of ‘national identities’ under Article 4(2) TEU does not cover particular national conceptions of fundamental rights, but admits that it may be difficult to make a clear separation between the more organizational or structural elements of national identity and their impact on the fundamental rights of individuals. The article then proceeds to look at national approaches, where fundamental rights tend to be included in the concept of constitutional identities to be protected by national courts. It is argued, however, that arguments based on constitutional identity under national law are not conducive for deciding cases on EU fundamental rights. Such identity claims operate as trump cards. Yet, there are other ways to accommodate diversity among the Member States in the area of fundamental rights. If these are used and respected also by the Court of Justice, unilateral recourse to constitutional identity is not needed. Constitutional identity – national diversity – protection of fundamental rights – identity review – divergence – harmonization of fundamental rights protection – national choices
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.20
自引率
16.70%
发文量
9
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