评估加拿大大草原野生燕麦和志愿者谷物管理的种子库兴奋剂

IF 1 4区 农林科学 Q3 AGRONOMY Canadian Journal of Plant Science Pub Date : 2023-06-14 DOI:10.1139/cjps-2022-0202
S. Sharpe, Taylor Kaye, B. Tidemann
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引用次数: 0

摘要

野生燕麦对加拿大大草原的年度作物生产构成了广泛的威胁。由于持续的种子库、复杂的休眠、长的出苗窗口、抗除草剂性以及与作物收获时间相对应的种子破碎,感染很难控制。本研究的目的是评估硝酸钾(KNO3)和木脂酸对野生燕麦和普通小麦、大麦和燕麦的发芽和出苗的促进作用。使用新鲜生产的种子进行总共24次重复实验,以确保足够的内胚层。小麦和大麦在种子形成后没有表现出内胚层,并在潮湿的情况下迅速出现。所有物种都在5%–100%的木脂酸溶液中的培养皿中吸收但没有发芽。在0.1%和1%木脂酸溶液中观察到休眠释放。KNO3不刺激任何物种的发芽或出苗,在125 kg N ha−1时具有抑制作用。在第一项研究中,在200 L ha−1的条件下施用50%和100%的溶液,在第二项研究中施用10%的溶液,可增加野生燕麦的出苗率。应用焦木脂酸对燕麦、大麦和小麦有抑制作用。这项研究进一步证实了木脂酸可能刺激野生燕麦的出苗,并证实了其对新鲜成熟种子的活性。
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Evaluating seedbank stimulants for wild oat and volunteer cereal management on the Canadian Prairies
Wild oat is a widespread threat to annual crop production on the Canadian Prairies. Infestations are difficult to manage due to a persistent seedbank, complex dormancy, a long emergence window, herbicide resistance, and seed shatter corresponding to crop harvest timings. The study objective was to evaluate the efficacy of potassium nitrate (KNO3) and pyroligneous acid for promoting germination and emergence of wild oat and volunteer wheat, barley, and oat. A total of 24 repeated experiments were conducted using freshly produced seeds to ensure adequate endodormancy. Wheat and barley demonstrated no endodormancy following seed formation and rapidly emerged with moisture. All species imbibed but did not germinate in Petri dishes within pyroligneous acid solutions of 5%–100%. Dormancy release was observed within 0.1% and 1% pyroligneous acid solutions. KNO3 did not stimulate germination or emergence for any species and was inhibitory at 125 kg N ha−1. Pyroligneous acid increased wild oat emergence with 50% and 100% solutions applied at 200 L ha−1 in the first study and with 10% solutions in the second study. Emergence inhibition was noted for oat, barley, and wheat with pyroligneous acid applications. This research further confirms that pyroligneous acid may stimulate wild oat emergence and confirms activity on freshly matured seed.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.90
自引率
8.30%
发文量
91
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Published since 1957, the Canadian Journal of Plant Science is a bimonthly journal that contains new research on all aspects of plant science relevant to continental climate agriculture, including plant production and management (grain, forage, industrial, and alternative crops), horticulture (fruit, vegetable, ornamental, greenhouse, and alternative crops), and pest management (entomology, plant pathology, and weed science). Cross-disciplinary research in the application of technology, plant breeding, genetics, physiology, biotechnology, microbiology, soil management, economics, meteorology, post-harvest biology, and plant production systems is also published. Research that makes a significant contribution to the advancement of knowledge of crop, horticulture, and weed sciences (e.g., drought or stress resistance), but not directly applicable to the environmental regions of Canadian agriculture, may also be considered. The Journal also publishes reviews, letters to the editor, the abstracts of technical papers presented at the meetings of the sponsoring societies, and occasionally conference proceedings.
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