The Roman Question in Latin America: Italian unification and the development of a transatlantic Ultramontane movement

ABSTRACT The unification of Italy is one the events of the nineteenth century which resonated within the international public sphere of the time. The religious dimension of these events contributed decisively to their internationalization. In this context, this essay will analyze the impact of the Roman Question in Latin America. I will examine how the Latin American faithful were informed of what was occurring in Italy, both from the pulpit and through the press. I will also show how descriptions of the situation of the pope sought to create empathy among the faithful, and to develop emotional bonds with the Holy See. Finally, this article studies the role of papal diplomacy, the prelates, and other local actors in the promotion of displays of solidarity with Pope Pius IX. The Roman Question contributed decisively to the diffusion of Ultramontanism in Latin America.