搅拌金属熔体以提高“钢包-熔炉”装置的效率。消息1。冶金集料中液态合金的搅拌方法和系统(综述)

O. Smirnov, V. Osypenko, S. Semiryagin, M. Goryuk, A. Semenko, Yu.P. Skorobagatko
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引用次数: 1

摘要

根据世界冶金发展趋势,预测了铸造金属生产技术进一步发展的特点。同时,考虑到能源和资源节约、环境和安全生产的要求不断提高,同时需要提高铸件质量,扩大合金及其产品的范围。此外,确保“钢包-熔炉”装置的可靠运行和扩展功能能力尤为重要,因为它们提供复杂的炉外熔体处理,包括平均温度和化学成分(合金化和改性),去除气体和非金属夹杂物等。值得注意的是,为了成功实施所列的技术操作,“钢包炉”单元配备了额外的设备和系统,用于加热熔体,抽真空,用惰性气体(氩气)吹气和电磁搅拌。通过对不同搅拌方法(气吹搅拌和外加交变电磁场作用下搅拌)的对比分析,表明电磁搅拌更有效、更合适,特别是在冶金小型轧机上生产相对小批量的优质特种合金时。其中,在冶金企业和研究开发中最常见的是行磁场电磁搅拌器。有迹象表明,由于物理特性,这种搅拌器的应用有一定的局限性。这涉及到(在大多数情况下)提供低频率的需要,对安装搅拌器的操作冶金集料的设计进行更改,以及并不总是合理的熔体搅拌流体动力学模式。阐述了“钢包炉”装置电磁搅拌器的研制和应用要求。这样的设备应该在设计和操作上更简单,以确保它们长期可靠地工作,以获得广泛的高质量合金。关键词:“钢包炉”装置,金属熔体,吹气,电磁搅拌。
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Stirring of metal melts for improving the efficiency of the «ladle – furnace» units. Message 1. Methods and systems for stirring of liquid alloys in metallurgical aggregates (review)
Based on the global trends in the metallurgy, the features of the further development of technologies for the cast metal productions are predicted. At the same time, there is considered the constant tightening of requirements for energy and resource saving, environmental and work safety, with the simultaneous need to improve the quality of casting, widening the range of obtained alloys and products from them. Also, ensuring reliable operation and expanding the functional capabilities of “ladle – furnace” units has particular importance, since they provide the complex out-of-furnace processing of melts, including averaging on temperature and chemical composition (at alloying and modifying too), removal gases and non-metallic inclusions, etc. It is noted that for the successful implementation of the listed technological operations, “ladle – furnace” units are equipped with additional devices and systems for heating the melt, vacuuming, blowing with inert gas (argon) and electromagnetic stirring. A comparative analysis of different methods of liquid metal stirring (by gas blowing and under the action of an external alternating electromagnetic field) showed that electromagnetic stirring is more effective and appropriate, especially at manufacturing relatively small batches of high-quality and special alloys on metallurgical mini- mills. At that, the most common at metallurgical enterprises and among research developments are electromagnetic stirrers of travelling magnetic field.There are indicated that applications of such stirrers have certain limitations due to physical characteristics. It relates to the need (in most cases) to supply them with a low frequency, making changes to the design of operating metallurgical aggregates for installation of the stirrer, as well as with not always rational hydrodynamic modes of melt stirring.The requirements concerning the development and application of electromagnetic stirrers for “ladle – furnace” units were formulated. Such devices should be simpler in design and operation, ensuring their long-term reliable working at obtaining a wide range of high-quality alloys. Keywords: “ladle – furnace” unit, metallic melt, gas blowing, electromagnetic stirring.
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