Phytochemical analysis, in-vitro antioxidant and cytotoxicity activities of Flaveria trinervia ethanolic extract

Introduction and Aim: Crude herbal drugs and commercial extracts obtained from plant sources continue to play a significant role in healthcare, particularly in developing countries where traditional medicine practices are deeply rooted. The aim of the study was to estimate the antioxidant (DPPH) and cytotoxic effects of the ethanolic extract of Flaveria trinervia on raw 246.7 cells.   Materials and Methods: In the Indian town of Thoothukudi's Kovilpatti village, F. trinervia was isolated. The entire plant was air-dried before being crushed, and 1 kg of the powdered ethanolic extract was employed in the Soxhlet apparatus for continuous extraction. By utilizing GC-MS analysis, F. trinervia ethanolic extract phytochemical assessment was studied. The antioxidant potential of F. trinervia was examined using the DPPH test. Raw 246.7 cell lines were used to test the ethanolic extract of F. trinervia for cytotoxic activity.   Results: F. trinervia extracts were found to contain a variety of biologically active phytoconstituents, including ergosterol, octadecanoic acid, propanoic acid, and isopropyl palmitate, according to phytochemical analysis. Compared to the negative control, the ethanolic extract of F. trinervia considerably showed antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity. Ascorbic acid antioxidant activity with DPPH was 98.12%, whereas F.trinervia ethanolic extract's antioxidant activity was 78.91%. The anticancer efficacy of F. trinervia ethanolic extract against uncultured 246.7 cells was evaluated using the MTT assay. By charting cell viability vs extract concentration, the IC50 value was determined. The MTT assay identified raw cells IC50 at 24 hrs as 200 µg/mL of ethanolic F. trinervia extract.   Conclusion: Active phytoconstituents are present in the F. trinervia whole plant ethanolic extract. Because of the presence of phytoconstituents, the extracts have excellent antioxidant activity and good cytotoxicity activity against raw 246.7 cell lines. The study recommended using whole plant extract from F. trinervia to treat several metabolic diseases.