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摘要

本文致力于探讨针对运动员的空手道心理训练问题,这与现代心理学和体育教育学的理论和实践本质都有关系。本文旨在实现接触式空手道心理训练方案的理论和实践效果。这项研究是在以全乌克兰全能格斗艺术联合会(Izmail)为代表的体育俱乐部的基础上进行的。对年龄在18-24岁的男运动员(40人)进行了测试,受试者的平均年龄为19.49±0.79岁。为了解决设定的任务,参赛者被分为对照组和实验组。在进行研究的过程中,使用了以下方法:分析科学和方法论文献;实证方法:观察、对话、提问、体温计测试法(Yu.Ya.Kiselova)、学生运动员意志品质的自我评价法(N.B.Stambulova);数学数据处理。对最新研究和出版物的分析表明,运动和情绪意志活动的相互作用是运动员发展的重要组成部分,而情绪和意志的相互联系机制在与激活、移动或加速相关的心理调节功能层面上得到了更清晰的追踪。在对所提出的复杂程序的效率进行研究的过程中,证明了根据“温度计”方法(Yu.Ya.Kiselova),与对照组运动员(11%)相比,实验组运动员的训练欲望增加了15%。根据N.B.Stambulova介绍的意志品质自我评估方法,与对照组相比,实验组运动员的“自我控制”指数提高了9%。在对实施心理训练前后获得的数据进行分析和评估的基础上,以及对考生体育精神成长的观察,提出的全接触式空手道项目对运动员的身心健康状况以及体育活动的总体效果产生了积极影响。
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Theoretical and practical efficiency aspects of the programs of psychological training in full contact karate
The article is dedicated to the problem of psychological training aimed at sportsmen in karate, which is relevant to both theoretical and practical essence of modern psychology and pedagogy of sports. The purpose of the article was to achieve theoretical and practical effectiveness aspects of the program of psychological training in contact karate. The study was held on the basis of the sports clubs represented by the All-Ukrainian All-Style Combat Arts Federation (Izmail). The male sportsmen-fighters (40 persons) at the age of 18 – 24 were tested, the average age of the examinees was 19.49±0.79. To solve the set tasks, the contestants were divided into control and experimental groups. In the course of the research carried out, these methods were used: the analysis of scientific and methodological literature; empirical methods: observation, conversation, questioning, testing using the “Thermometer” method (Yu. Ya. Kiselova), “Self-assessment of the volitional qualities of students-sportsmen” (N. B. Stambulova); mathematical data processing. The analysis of the latest research and publications showed that the interaction of motoric and emotional-volitional activities is an essential component of sportsmen’s development, whereas the mechanisms of interconnection of emotions and volition is traced more clearly at the level of regulatory functions of psychics connected with activation, mobility or speeding up. In the course of the conducted research concerning the efficiency of the proposed complex program, it was proved that according to the method "Thermometer" (Yu. Ya. Kiselova), the sportsmen of the experimental group showed increase in their desire to train (by 15%) in comparison with the sportsmen of the control group (by 11%). According to the method of self-assessment of volitional qualities introduced by N. B. Stambulova, the sportsmen of the experimental group, in comparison with the control group, demonstrated an increase in the index "self-control" (by 9%). On the basis of the analysis and assessment of the obtained data before and after implementing the program of psychological training, as well as the observation of the examinees’ growth of sportsmanship, it was stated that the proposed program of full contact karate had a positive impact on the state of the sportsmen’s mental and physical health as well as on the effectiveness of their sports activities in general.
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