Deciphering Target Protein Cascade in Salmonella typhi Biofilm using Genomic Data Mining, and Protein-protein Interaction.

Background: Salmonella typhi biofilm confers a serious public health issue for lengthy periods and the rise in antibiotic resistance and death rate. Biofilm generation has rendered even the most potent antibiotics ineffective in controlling the illness, and the S. typhi outbreak has turned into a fatal disease typhoid. S. typhi infection has also been connected to other deadly illnesses, such as a gall bladder cancer. The virulence of this disease is due to the interaction of numerous genes and proteins of S. typhi.

Objective: The study aimed to identify a cascade of target proteins in S. typhi biofilm condition with the help of genomic data mining and protein-protein interaction analysis.

Methods: The goal of this study was to notice some important pharmacological targets in S. typhi. using genomic data mining, and protein-protein interaction approaches were used so that new drugs could be developed to combat the disease.

Results: In this study, we identified 15 potential target proteins that are critical for S. typhi biofilm growth and maturation. Three proteins, CsgD, AdrA, and BcsA, were deciphered with their significant role in the synthesis of cellulose, a critical component of biofilm's extracellular matrix. The CsgD protein was also shown to have high interconnectedness and strong interactions with other important target proteins of S. typhi. As a result, it has been concluded that CsgD is involved in a range of activities, including cellulose synthesis, bacterial pathogenicity, quorum sensing, and bacterial virulence.

Conclusion: All identified targets in this study possess hydrophobic properties, and their cellular localization offered proof of a potent therapeutic target. Overall results of this study, drug target shortage in S. typhi is also spotlighted, and we believe that obtained result could be useful for the design and development of some potent anti-salmonella agents for typhoid fever in the future.