Systematic Review on Thiazole Compounds as Nanoparticles: Chemistry, Synthesis, Antimicrobial Activities, Therapeutic Investigation

1.3-thiazole is a unique heterocycle containing nitrogen and sulphur atoms. Thiazole chemistry has developed after the pioneering it of Hofmann and Hantzsch in 1887. Thiazole occupies an important place in medicinal chemistry. It is widely found in diverse pharmacologically active substances and in some naturally occurring compounds. In last decade, heterocyclic compounds containing thiazole moiety and their derivatives were found exhibiting nanoscale properties. In addition, they exhibit a wide spectrum of biological activities such as antioxidant, antitubercular, antiinflammatory, anti-HIV, antitumor, anticonvulsive, antifungal and antibacterial. Thiazole is an essential in many natural (vitamin B1—thiamine) and synthetic medicinally important compounds. This review focus on both the chemical and biological importance of thiazole as a nanoparticle and the different methods of synthesis of substituted thiazole with potential activities, which are now in developing phase.