器官捐赠在人类倾向的背景下是一致的。法律和心理学方面的考虑

Probacja Pub Date : 2021-09-30 DOI:10.5604/01.3001.0015.2711
Konrad Burdziak
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文验证了利用人的一致性倾向和引入适当的法律解决方案可以增加器官捐赠的假设。这些考虑发现,对于存在并影响人类的现状偏见(保持一致的倾向)存在争议。同时,这种现象有多种理性的心理理由。因此,可以利用现状偏见来增加器官捐赠,强迫一个人决定是否愿意在死后成为器官捐赠者,并指望这个人在未来不会改变他们的决定,因为这种倾向是一致的。在波兰,这种解决办法可以通过在《车辆运营者法》第11条第1款中增加第7项,措词如下:“声明他们同意或不同意从其尸体上取出细胞、组织或器官用于移植,或取出细胞和组织用于移植到另一个人身上。声明可随时更改。”
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ORGAN DONATION IN THE CONTEXT OF HUMAN TENDENCY TO BE CONSISTENT. CONSIDERATIONS WITH REFERENCE TO LAW AND PSYCHOLOGY
The text verifies the hypotheses that exploiting the human tendency to be consistent and introducing appropriate legal solutions can increase organ donation. The considerations found that there are arguments for the status quo bias (the tendency to be consistent) exists and affects humans. Concurrently, there are multiple rational psychological justifications for this kind of occurrences. Thus, the status quo bias can be exploited for increasing the organ donation, imposing on a person the decision regarding being willing to become an organ donor after their death or not, and count on this person not changing their decision in the future due to the tendency to be consistent. In Poland, such a solution could be introduced by adding the 7th item to the Article 11 section 1 of the Act on Vehicle Operators with the following wording: “declared that they agree or not to the removal of cells, tissues or organs from their corpses for transplantation, or the removal of cells and tissues for transplanting them into another person. The declaration may be changed at any time.”
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发文量
21
审稿时长
12 weeks
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