新生儿的微生物组-肠道分离:以肥胖和乳糜泻为例的微生物组功能缺乏症

IF 0.9 Q4 GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY Gastrointestinal disorders (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2022-06-22 DOI:10.3390/gidisord4030012
David Smith, Miryam Palacios-Pérez, S. Jheeta
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引用次数: 3

摘要

本文的目的是在分析肥胖和腹腔疾病等复杂免疫相关疾病的性质的基础上,为转化研究提供方向。从本质上讲,这些非传染性疾病的流行似乎与社会工业化过程中微生物组的退化有关,它们的性质可以用来推断“工业化前”微生物组的功能。基于这一分析,关键是必须在孩子出生后立即建立起与父母遗传基因一起发挥作用的完全功能的微生物组。在我们看来,这是通过正常分娩期间母体微生物遗传的看似偶然的过程实现的。然而,请注意,如果母亲的微生物组本身在之前的问题后退化,这是不可能的。在这些情况下,儿童的健康可能从出生那一刻起就受到影响,尽管除了湿疹和食物过敏等特应性疾病外,其后果可能要到儿童晚期或成年后才会显现出来。通过这种方式,这种微生物组功能缺乏假说结合了David Strachan和David Barker的流行病学观察,因为他们的发病可以追溯到儿童早期。乳糜泻被选为多因素疾病的一个例证,因为除了一系列免疫系统表现和潜在的食物吸收问题外,还有一个重要的心理因素。最后,值得注意的是,一种校准为检测肠道内王国间通讯分子(信息化学物质)的可摄入传感器可能提供一种实用的评估方法,或许可以改善非传染性疾病的至少一些后果。
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Microbiome–Gut Dissociation in the Neonate: Obesity and Coeliac Disease as Examples of Microbiome Function Deficiency Disorder
The purpose of this article is to provide a direction for translational research based on an analysis of the nature of complex, immune-related conditions such as obesity and coeliac disease. In essence, it seems that the prevalence of these non-communicable diseases is related to the degradation of the microbiome during the industrialisation of society, and that their nature can be used to infer the functions of the “pre-industrial” microbiome. Based on this analysis, the key point is the necessity for the fully functioning microbiome, acting alongside the parental genetic inheritance of the child, to be in place immediately after birth. In our view, this is achieved by the seemingly accidental process of maternal microbial inheritance during normal birth. Note, however, that this is not possible if the microbiome of the mother is itself degraded following previous problems. Under these conditions the health of a child may be affected from the moment of birth, although, with the exception of atopic diseases, such as eczema and food allergy, the consequences may not become apparent until late childhood or as an adult. In this way, this microbiome function deficiency hypothesis incorporates the epidemiological observations of David Strachan and David Barker in that their onset can be traced to early childhood. Coeliac disease has been chosen as an illustrative example of a multifactorial disorder due to the fact that, in addition to a series of immune system manifestations and a potential problem with food absorption, there is also a significant psychological component. Finally, it is worth noting that an ingestible sensor calibrated to the detection of interkingdom communication molecules (semiochemicals) within the intestine may offer a practical way of assessment and, perhaps, amelioration of at least some of the consequences of non-communicable disease.
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