不整合:J-5不整合与美国怀俄明州红水-风山-莫里森过渡的层序地层重新解释

IF 1.5 4区 地球科学 Q2 GEOLOGY Journal of Geology Pub Date : 2020-04-07 DOI:10.1086/708433
S. Holland, Sarah N. Wright
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引用次数: 5

摘要

J-5不整合最初被描述为发生在怀俄明州上侏罗纪风山砂岩底部,它将下伏的红水页岩与上覆的Morrison组分隔开来。这种不整合的存在受到了质疑,风山砂岩沉积环境的密切耦合问题也受到了质疑。在这篇文章中,我们记录了红水-风山-莫里森过渡的相和结构。岩相分析表明,Windy Hill砂岩代表了一个潮汐主导的三角洲系统,向北推进,穿过红水页岩的陆架泥岩,然后是Morrison组的海岸平原。现代韩国的汉江三角洲与风丘砂岩非常相似。风丘砂岩的基底不是不整合面;相反,它是顺应性的和时间海侵的,沿着沉积倾向向北变得更年轻,这意味着红水页岩和Morrison组的部分是同时代的。怀俄明州J-5不整合的重新解释,以及对突然地层接触如何在地层上形成、如何识别以及不整合是如何在海平面和构造上产生的更深入的了解,都表明有必要对皮皮林戈斯和奥沙利文不整合进行更广泛的重新评估。此外,对高位系统域中前进的潮汐主导三角洲的认识突显了对序列地层范式的日益排斥,即波浪主导海岸主要在前进期形成,潮汐主导海岸在海侵期受到限制或青睐。最后,潮汐主导的三角洲在岩石记录中的识别率远低于波浪主导的海岸和河流主导的三角三角洲,但之前在风山砂岩中未被识别的三角洲的存在表明,其他潮汐主导的三角形可能在陆表海的岩石记录中也未被识别。
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The Unconformity That Isn’t: A Sequence-Stratigraphic Reinterpretation of the J-5 Unconformity and the Redwater–Windy Hill–Morrison Transition in Wyoming, USA
The J-5 unconformity was originally described as occurring in Wyoming at the base of the Upper Jurassic Windy Hill Sandstone, where it separates the underlying Redwater Shale from the overlying Morrison Formation. The existence of this unconformity has been questioned, as has the closely coupled issue of the depositional environment of the Windy Hill Sandstone. In this article, we document the facies and architecture of the Redwater–Windy Hill–Morrison transition. Facies analysis indicates that the Windy Hill Sandstone represents a tide-dominated deltaic system that prograded northward across the shelf mudstones of the Redwater Shale, followed by the coastal plain of the Morrison Formation. The modern Han River Delta of Korea is a close analog to the Windy Hill Sandstone. The base of the Windy Hill Sandstone is not an unconformity; instead, it is conformable and time transgressive, becoming younger northward along depositional dip, implying that portions of the Redwater Shale and Morrison Formation are coeval. This reinterpretation of the J-5 unconformity in Wyoming, along with a greater appreciation of how abrupt stratigraphic contacts are formed stratigraphically, how they are recognized, and how unconformities are generated eustatically and tectonically, all suggest that a broader reappraisal of the Pipiringos and O’Sullivan unconformities is warranted. In addition, the recognition of a prograding tide-dominated delta in the highstand systems tract underscores the growing rejection of a sequence-stratigraphic paradigm that wave-dominated coasts form primarily during periods of progradation, with tide-dominated coasts being limited or favored during periods of transgression. Finally, tide-dominated deltas have been much more poorly recognized in the rock record than wave-dominated coasts and river-dominated deltas, but the previously unrecognized presence of one in the Windy Hill Sandstone suggests that other tide-dominated deltas might be similarly unrecognized in the rock record of epicontinental seas.
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来源期刊
Journal of Geology
Journal of Geology 地学-地质学
CiteScore
3.50
自引率
5.60%
发文量
0
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: One of the oldest journals in geology, The Journal of Geology has since 1893 promoted the systematic philosophical and fundamental study of geology. The Journal publishes original research across a broad range of subfields in geology, including geophysics, geochemistry, sedimentology, geomorphology, petrology, plate tectonics, volcanology, structural geology, mineralogy, and planetary sciences. Many of its articles have wide appeal for geologists, present research of topical relevance, and offer new geological insights through the application of innovative approaches and methods.
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