Analysis of high-frequency atmospheric windows for terahertz communication between the ground and the satellite

The large path loss limits the transmission distance of terahertz wireless communication in the atmosphere. To realize long-range transmission of terahertz waves between the ground and the satellite, the first and key step is to find low attenuation atmospheric transparent windows. In this paper, based on the characteristics of atmospheric distribution in China, atmospheric model (am) is used to compute and compare atmospheric absorption attenuation of terahertz waves in two representative cities, and obtain the most ideal ground-based site suitable for terahertz communication between the ground and the satellite in China. Subsequently, by means of real atmospheric data and layered transmission theory, the total path loss of terahertz communication between the ground and the satellite is calculated. Combined with the signal transmit power, antenna gain, Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR), noise power and the corresponding path loss threshold, the total usable bandwidth and atmospheric windows in the 10−15 THz frequency band are given. Moreover, by taking the High Altitude Platform as the terahertz communication relay link between the ground and the satellite, the usable atmospheric windows in the 1−15 THz frequency band with antenna gain of 0−100 dBi are given, which provide theoretical and numerical reference for the establishment of ground-satellite communication links and the selection of ground-based sites and communication frequency bands in China.